Twins produced by the division of a single zygote; both have
identical genotypes.
See also: fraternal twin
(ORNL)
Identity
The extent to which two (nucleotide or amino acid) sequences
are invariant. (NCBI)
Immunotherapy
Using the immune system to treat disease, for example, in
the development of vaccines. May also refer to the therapy
of diseases caused by the immune system.
See also: cancer (ORNL)
Imprinting
A phenomenon in which the disease phenotype depends on which
parent passed on the disease gene. For instance, both Prader-Willi
and Angelman syndromes are inherited when the same part of chromosome
15 is missing. When the father's complement of 15 is missing,
the child has Prader-Willi, but when the mother's complement
of 15 is missing, the child has Angelman syndrome. (ORNL)
In situ hybridization
Use of a DNA or RNA probe to detect the presence of the complementary
DNA sequence in cloned bacterial or cultured eukaryotic cells.
(ORNL)
In vitro
Studies performed outside a living organism such as in a laboratory.
(ORNL)
In vivo
Studies carried out in living organisms. (ORNL)
Independent assortment
During meiosis each of the two copies of a gene is distributed
to the germ cells independently of the distribution of other
genes.
See also: linkage (ORNL)
A chromosome abnormality in which a piece of DNA is incorporated
into a gene and thereby disrupts the gene's normal function.
See also: chromosome, DNA,
gene, mutation
(ORNL)
Patents, copyrights, and trademarks.
See also: patent (ORNL)
Interference
One crossover event inhibits the chances of another crossover
event. Also known as positive interference. Negative interference
increases the chance of a second crossover.
See also: crossing over (ORNL)
Interphase
The period in the cell cycle when DNA is replicated in the
nucleus; followed by mitosis. (ORNL)
Intracellular Domains
Domain families that are most prevalent in proteins within
the cytoplasm. (SMART)
DNA sequence that interrupts the protein-coding sequence of
a gene; an intron is transcribed into RNA but is cut out of
the message before it is translated into protein.
See also: exon (ORNL)
Isoenzyme
An enzyme performing the same function as another enzyme but
having a different set of amino acids. The two enzymes may function
at different speeds. (ORNL)
